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Instructional Strategies
are the methods used to achieve the learning objectives that were set
in the instructional analysis stage. Instructional Strategies are made
up of three different aspects:
Organizational Strategy Characteristics: How the lesson will be sequenced,
What material will be presented in the lesson, and How the material will
be presented.
Delivery
Strategy Characteristics: What
instructional medium will be used to deliver the instruction and How the
students will be organized.
Management Strategy Characteristics: The scheduling and distribution
of resources to implement the instruction that was developed during the
above aspects.
Instructional strategies are used at the course and unit level as well
as the lesson level. Lessons usually follow the following framework:
- Introduction
- Activate
attention
- State
the lesson purpose
- Motivate
the students.
- Preview
the lesson
2.
Body
- Activate
prior knowledge
- Present
Information
- Focus
attention
- Employ
learning strategies
- Practice
- Evaluate
feedback
3. Conclusion
- Summarize
and review
-
Assess performance
- Remotivate
and close
4. Assessment
- Assess
performance
- Provide
feedback
At the lesson level
the instructor also has to determine whether they want learners to provide
their own instruction or whether they want to supply the instruction for
the learners.
One example of a lesson level organizational strategy would be Madeline
Hunter's Direct Instruction Model.
1. Objectives-developed during instructional analysis
2. Standards-stating the purpose of the lesson and
what you expect from the students.
3. Anticipatory set-activating the attention of the students.
4. Teaching-presenting information and examples
- input
- modeling
- check
for understanding
5. Guided
practice/Monitoring-employing learning strategies
6. Closure-Conclusion
7. Independent practice-Assessment
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INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGY